The OLC
Astrid Da Silva

The OLC's Opinions

Opinions published by the OLC, including those released in response to our FOIA lawsuit

This Reading Room is a comprehensive database of published opinions written by the Justice Department’s Office of Legal Counsel (OLC). It contains the approximately 1,400 opinions published by the OLC in its online database and the opinions produced in Freedom of Information Act litigation brought by the Knight Institute, including opinions about the Pentagon Papers, the Civil Rights Era, and the War Powers Act. It also contains indexes of unclassified OLC opinions written between 1945 and February 15, 1994 (these indexes were created by the OLC and intended to be comprehensive). We have compiled those indexes into a single list here and in .csv format here. This Reading Room also contains an index of all classified OLC opinions issued between 1974 and 2021, except those classified or codeword-classified at a level higher than Top Secret (the OLC created this index, too, and intended it to be comprehensive).

The Knight Institute will continue updating the reading room with new records. To get alerts when the OLC publishes a new opinion in its database, follow @OLCforthepeople on Twitter.

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  • Disclosure of Confidential Information Received by U.S. Attorney in the Course of Representing a Federal Employee

    This opinion examines whether, in the case of a federal employee involved in a civil suit and represented by an Assistant U.S. Attorney, the self-incriminating information the employee reveals to the Assistant U.S. Attorney that may implicate him in other criminal violations can and should be used to bring criminal prosecutions or take disciplinary action against the employee. The opinion concludes that the DOJ cannot use the self-incriminating information against the employee. The opinion also recommends that the DOJ obtains other counsel for the employee but investigates if the effect of the employee's prior misconduct as a FBI informant should invalidate convictions resulting from those criminal trials. The OLC does not provide release dates for its opinions, so the release date listed is the date on which the opinion was authored. The original opinion is available at https://justice.gov/olc/page/file/936086/download.

    11/30/1976

  • J. Edgar Hoover Memorabilia

    This opinion concludes that certain memorabilia of the late J. Edgar Hoover in the custody of the FBI were actually pieces of personal property. The OLC advises the DOJ to notify the executor of the estate and assist with the disposition of the memorobilia. The OLC does not provide release dates for its opinions, so the release date listed is the date on which the opinion was authored. The original opinion is available at https://justice.gov/olc/page/file/936056/download.

    11/15/1976

  • Army Electronic Surveillance Procedures

    This memo agreed with the conclusion of a previous memo to the Attorney General that the Army need not retain complete tapes of all electronic surveillance it conducts overseas. It reasoned that there was neither a statutory nor judicial requirement for retention. Although the opinion explained that a criminal defendant could attempt to use retained tapes as evidence that the surveillance was unlawful, it advised that documentation of the justification for surveillance and minimization procedures would better address that concern.

    9/2/2022

  • Anti-boycott Provisions of the Export Administration Act

    9/2/2022

  • Fourth Amendment implications of use of FBI agents and assets in foreign intelligence and counterintelligence cases

    9/2/2022

  • Constitutionality of Regulatory Reform Legislation for Independent Agencies

    Although there is no constitutional impediment to the bill's requirement that independent regulatory agencies communicate their legislative and budgetary messages directly to the Congress without first clearing them with OMB, a uniform rule in the opposite extreme—i.e., that no communication from an independent agency may be sent to OMB unless it is simultaneously sent to the Congress—would not adequately protect important interests of the Executive Branch. The congressional access provisions of the bill would not affect the power of the President, or the agency acting on the President's behalf, to assert executive privilege, because in the absence of express language in the bill, it must be assumed that the bill does not constitute an attempted infringement of the constitutionally based privilege, which is available with respect to those functions of independent regulatory agencies that are of an executive or quasi-executive nature. The OLC does not provide release dates for its opinions, so the release date listed is the date on which the opinion was authored. The original opinion is available at www.justice.gov/file/20881/download.

    9/1/1976

  • Appointment of a Federal Judge to the United Nations Delegation

    If this were a matter of first impression, appointing a federal judge to be a representative of the United States to the General Assembly of the United Nations would be inconsistent with the constitutional doctrines of separation of powers and independence of the judiciary. However, because of the longstanding practice of appointing federal judges to temporary office in the Executive Branch, and the absence of any explicit constitutional text, it cannot be maintained that such an appointment would be unconstitutional. The OLC does not provide release dates for its opinions, so the release date listed is the date on which the opinion was authored. The original opinion is available at www.justice.gov/file/20876/download.

    8/5/1976

  • Dissemination of information concerning domestic demonstrations or civil disorders

    9/2/2022

  • Fourth Amendment Restrictions on the Use of Informants in Domestic Security Investigations

    9/2/2022

  • Proposed Appointment of Chairman of the President's Committee on Science and Technology

    This opinion reviews whether the conflict of interest statute would preclude the appointment of an officer and stockholder of TRW, Inc. as the chairman of the President's Committee on Science and Technology. The opinion concludes that, since most of the Committee's activities do not involve particular programs or policies in which TRW has an identifiable interest, the conflict of interest law does not apply. The OLC does not provide release dates for its opinions, so the release date listed is the date on which the opinion was authored. The original opinion is available at https://justice.gov/olc/page/file/1009446/download.

    7/12/1976

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